About

Menopause is a physiologic process that all women undergo resulting in a myriad of physical changes that may affect their quality of life. Women in perimenopause and postmenopausal stages commonly experience various symptoms, such as vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) and insomnia. Hormone replacement therapy is still the first-line treatment in the management of these manifestations, in conjunction with other non-hormonal therapy and non-pharmacologic interventions.

This e-learning module aims to review menopause and its physiology, and discusses the management approach to menopause in the primary care setting.

Learning outcomes

• Define menopause and review its physiology
• Properly evaluate an individual in perimenopausal and menopausal stages
• Understand the approach to managing the symptoms of perimenopause and menopause at the primary care level

Topics covered

• Introduction
• Physiology of Menopause
• Clinical manifestations of menopausal and perimenopausal stages
• Menopause screening and evaluation tests
• Approach to management
  • Pharmacologic
    • Hormonal therapy
    • Non-hormonal therapy
  • Non-pharmacologic
• When to refer to a specialist

Keywords: menopause, perimenopause, postmenopausal, hot flashes, insomnia, vasomotor symptoms, hormone replacement therapy, hormonal therapy